The open class “Global Security and Defense Perspectives: Characteristics of the ‘New’ Conflict in Space” proposes a critical reflection on the emerging challenges in global geopolitics, with a special focus on the growing militarization and strategic competition in outer space. It addresses the transformation of traditional security and defense paradigms, exploring how technological advances, the multiplication of state and private actors, and the repositioning of global powers are shaping a new scenario of conflict. It will discuss the legal, political and military implications of the dispute over resources and orbital supremacy, as well as the risks associated with the absence of a robust regulatory regime.